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Types of Medical Cannabis: Sativa, Indica, and Hybrid

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Medical Cannabis

Medical marijuana has been all over the news recently after 33 states in the US, and many other countries around the world legalized the plant. A growing number of scientific studies backing up the use of the plant as medicine has convinced the governments of these states and countries. These experiments proved the wide range of health benefits that can be derived from cannabis. Since the legalization of this plant, you can find many health products and supplements being derived from medical cannabis.

When you shop for medical marijuana, either online or not, you might notice that the products are usually classified into three groups: sativa, indica, and hybrid. Each of these variants has a unique set of effects on the user. This article aims to clarify the differences between these three types of medical cannabis. This will give you a better understanding of the different kinds of weed, their characteristics, and the distinct therapeutic benefits that you can get from them.

Unique Traits of Sativa and Indica Plants

The term Cannabis, more commonly known as marijuana, refers to a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Cannabaceae family. It is one of the oldest crops cultivated by humans. Historians have records showing the use of this plant as early as 4,000 BC. Ancient civilizations in China and India used this plant for medicinal purposes primarily to relieve pain and to help cure other diseases.

While the exact number of species of the Cannabis genus is still disputed, two species have become popular in the scientific community: sativa and indica. They each have distinct characteristics that make them easy to distinguish from each other.

  • Sativa

Sativa plants grow well in countries near the equator where the length of the day seldom changes during the year. This plant is cultivated in countries and regions like Thailand, southern Africa, and Mexico. This plant can grow up to 20 feet tall so is better suited to outdoor cultivation. This plant takes almost six months to fully mature and, on average, it has a flowering time of between 60 and 90 days. Its leaves are thin and narrow and light green in hue.

  • Indica

Indica plants, on the other hand, are best suited to the more severe climate typically found in the mountainous regions of the Indian subcontinent (hence the name indica), Central Asia and the Middle East. Compared to sativa, indica plants are shorter and bushier, specifically adapted to enable them to survive the harsher environment. They also have high resin production to protect the leaves and trunks from turbulent conditions. This plant also matures quickly but has a shorter average flowering time (45-60 days). Its shorter growth height and flowering time make it more suitable for indoor cultivation. Unlike sativa, it has thicker and wider leaves and is darker green in color.

  • Hybrid

Just like in dogs, cats, and other pets, cross-breeding is a common phenomenon in plant cultivation. After thousands of years of cultivating the plants, pure cannabis strains, either a true indica or a true sativa variety, are a rarity nowadays. Most cannabis strains these days will be a combination of the two species and be either sativa-dominant or indica-dominant, and with the advancement in agricultural science and technology, growers can cultivate hybrid strains that are customized for different uses.

  • Ruderalis and Industrial Hemp: The Other Cannabis

While most medical journals only talk about sativa and indica, there is another type of cannabis known as ruderalis. It has physical features similar to indica. Aside from having thick foliage, it is also grown in harsher climates, like that found in the northern regions of the world such as Russia. It is the shortest cannabis variant, with an average height of 20-25 inches, and since it is grown in very cold areas, it matures early and has a fast flowering cycle.

Ruderalis contains harmful substances that can severely affect the brain. Hence, it is only cultivated by breeders and cultivators for experimentation and genetics.

Industrial hemp is a variety of the cannabis sativa plant. This plant is grown exclusively for industrial use. It can be processed and refined into different commercial items, including paper, clothing, textiles, paint, insulation materials, biodegradable plastics, biofuel, food ingredient, and animal feed.

Healing Properties of Sativa and Indica

Each species can affect the mind and body of a person differently. So, knowing the difference between the two will be very useful if you’re a patient seeking treatment using medical marijuana. According to research, here are some of the diseases and health conditions the two species can cure.

  • Sativa for Day

Scientists discovered that sativa contains substances that can uplift the mood of a person. Moreover, this plant also has chemicals that can increase the mental capacity of a person. It has properties that can improve focus and creativity and can also make a person more alert.

Because of these qualities, medical sativa is prescribed to relieve depression and attention deficit disorder (ADD). It can also be used to fight fatigue and creative blocks. It also has pain relieving qualities and can even stimulate the production of serotonin, the neurotransmitter responsible for regulating mood, learning, sleep, and appetite. With these properties, sativa is often used during the day.

  • Indica for Night

Indica contains compounds that induce a sedative and relaxing effect on the body. It can also calm the whole body, which makes it a perfect companion for relaxation and during meditation. It has properties that relieve stress and anxiety. Indica has a drowsy effect that can induce sleep, making this plant ideal to be used at night.

Indica can relieve insomnia and anxiety attacks, and it can also provide relief for nausea and chronic pain. What’s more, it can stimulate the appetite.

  • Hybrid: Best of Both Worlds

With the help of modern science, researchers were able to produce hybrids that contain both the qualities of sativa and indica. Hybrids are classified into three types: sativa-dominant, balanced, and indica-dominant.

  • With the sativa-dominant type, users can experience an active brain while experiencing a relaxed body feeling; the sativa-dominant hybrid is often used for relaxing both mentally and physically.
  • The balanced type has an equal ratio of sativa and indica This is typically used to provide an overall beneficial effect for both the mind and the body.
  • The indica-dominant type can put your body in a sedated state, but it only has a mild effect in your mind. Indica-dominant keeps you mentally awake while you feel a calm and relaxed sensation all over your body.

When deciding which type of medical marijuana to use, you’ll first need to establish the purpose for buying the weed. Do you want your body and mind to be stimulated for the day? Then purchase the sativa. If you want an effective sleeping aid and effective pain reliever, indica would be best for you. However, if you want the best of both worlds, pick the hybrid type.

As each of these three types has a different effect on the body, be sure to select the right strain and use according to the recommended dosage. Like any medicine, an overdose can cause harmful side effects. Since all the strains can affect the mind, experts caution users to take the correct dose of marijuana to avoid complications.

CBD: The Medical Compound from Weed

The three-type classification simplifies what effects each type has on the body. However, the effects of cannabis can be more complex and confusing in real life. As mentioned above, most cannabis strains nowadays are a mixture of sativa and indica. Thus, users cannot be sure if they will get the stimulating property of sativa or the calming property of indica. To get only the healing properties of cannabis from both species, scientists extract a substance called cannabidiol (CBD), which is present in all types of cannabis, including ruderalis, and industrial hemp.

When medical marijuana experts and researchers talk about medical marijuana, they often refer to CBD. CBD is one of at least 113 cannabinoids or substances that can be extracted from cannabis. Experts believe that this liquid is responsible for all the healing properties of weed. Just recently, CBD was declared safe for medical use by the WHO. The global body also provided a list of diseases that CBD can cure. Here are some of them:

  • Treatment of pimples and other skin diseases
  • Relief for chronic pain because of CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties
  • Capacity to rewire, heal and protect the nerves
  • Relieves symptoms of neurological diseases like epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease
  • Treatment for anxiety and depression
  • Can improve the functioning of the heart and the cardiovascular system
  • Treatment for substance abuse
  • Can ease cancer symptoms

As you can see, most of these diseases are the ones cured by either sativa or indica.

Medical marijuana is now a popular medicine in the US and other parts of the world. You can now order medicinal weed online or offline. But before self-medicating with cannabis, be sure to consult a physician first to avoid experiencing the dangerous side-effects of wrong use and overdosage.

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Cannabis Education: Yes or No? Denver Proves Education Steer Teens Away from Weed

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Weed Education

While marijuana is legal in selected US states and in Canada, teens aren’t supposed to be puffing clouds of weed because they are after all, minors. Now, with easy access to supply, parents feared that their kids will be dependent on this compound and eventually try stronger classifications of drugs like cocaine or heroin.

The issue whether kids at school need to learn about cannabis is still on the hot seat. While many experts are backing this idea, some parents are hesitant about the idea of teaching their kids about drugs which can increase curiosity.

Meanwhile, there’s Denver’s youth campaign of ‘High Costs’ which started out as traditional signage and a social media component. The campaign gets the attention of teens by including an online quiz show called ‘Weeded Out’ which helps educate these groups of people about marijuana use but in a more engaging manner.

Apparently, scare tactics don’t work for teens as they see it as being lectured on, which is something that they’re used to. Weeded Out and some other online tactics work for Denver, with more teens responding that they aren’t likely to consume marijuana not unless for medication.

“Kids can go look at that data. We want to drive them to the research. Getting them to take that responsibility for their health will have a much longer lasting impact,” said Ashely Kilroy, director of Weeded Out campaign.

Marijuana’s link to addiction

Because teens’ bodies and mind aren’t fully developed yet, consuming a variety of substance can cause unpleasant reactions. For example, a teenager can get all excited at first try because the experience is new and something different. Because smoking specific strains can bring about a variety of effects including slow motions, total relaxation and even hallucinations, a teenager can find this very addicting.

Combined with being irrational and reckless, some teens just couldn’t be controlled. In one research, it is found out that teenagers ages 24 and below uses their amygdala, a part of the brain linked to the emotions when responding to situations. Adults ages 25 and above, on the other hand, uses the prefrontal cortex, which is the rational part of the brain.

In light of this, teenagers are prone to risky situations and are not easily persuaded because a larger part of their brain is linked to the emotions, which controls their judgment.

The role of educators and parents

As said, kids learn from their home and environment. Parents have a huge role in monitoring their child and helping them understand matters that concern them. Educators, on the other hand, also facilitates students and at the same time, present eye-opener lectures that will mold the minds of these groups of people.

Teenagers need to understand that marijuana plant is powerful in the field of science and medicine but if abused, the law can interfere and have them accountable. These people also need to understand that their bodies shouldn’t be exposed to this plant for ‘fun’ or to fit in. Adults are permitted to use this substance for pain management and mental disorders, among other things.

Innovation on Cannabis

Aside from the ‘Weeded Out’ campaign, a small community college in Illinois, Chicago, created two cannabis curriculums that would help students earn certifications for patient care and dispensary specialists.

According to the Academic Affairs Vice President Ileo Lott, the new programs will provide additional training and credentials for students to advance into healthcare careers. Moreover, these programs will help students learn about the plant and be educated on its proper use.

The growing problem with substance addiction starts with tobacco smoking until an individual discovers a stronger substance. Given that teenagers are still vulnerable, they need guidance to get away from the addiction trap that can ruin their future.

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Lifestyle

Getting High on Easter: How Weed Helps in Lent Meditation

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Cannabis and Lenten

Practising Catholics know how significant the Lenten Season is. Even if you are not an active believer, or you simply celebrate Easter because of culture, many people are preparing for this occasion. If you are a cannabis enthusiast and you want to participate in the tradition, read on to know how you can use the herb for your practice:

The Role of Cannabis in Spirituality Throughout the Decades

If you think that using weed for spiritual practices is some New Age schmuck, you might want to reconsider. The use of this plant in meditation has been prominent throughout human history. Ancient beliefs such as Vedic religions, Zen Buddhism and Rastafari belief has been using this herb for their spiritual traditions. In fact, holy texts name cannabis as one of the five sacred plants in Vedism.

What’s better is that there are theories that Jesus, the main star of the Lenten Season, had used this plant to perform miracles. Remember the anointing oil he used to heal the ill and diseased? It is extracted from a plant called kaneh-bosm or keneh bosem in Aramaic. Historians theorize that this herb is actually what we now know as cannabis.

Why Cannabis is a Great Meditation Aid

So, if weed was used by various ancient traditions as a way to practice their spirituality, it also follows that it can also be used today for our Lenten meditation, right? It is true that the historical use of the plant shows that it can indeed be used to meditate during Lent. After all, prayer is a form of meditation. However, it is also important to know how exactly this plant aids in your personal meditation during this sacred season. Here’s what you need to know:

Cannabidiol Helps You Focus

Cannabis contains various chemical compounds that make it that wonderful plant we have come to know and love. One of these compounds is cannabidiol (CBD), which gives the herb its medical properties. When you consume a strain or product that is rich in CBD, you can expect to be stimulated, thus enhancing your ability to focus. Used in meditations, this boost in focus helps you get into the right state of mind to ruminate and get in touch with your spirituality.

It Induces Relaxation

While CBD is the cannabinoid responsible for stimulating your mind and improving your focus, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the one in charge of the sedative and psychoactive effects of the plant. By consuming a strain or product that contains both of these compounds, you can get into a relaxed, yet concentrated state of body and mind that makes it easier to focus on your breathing, clearing your thoughts and connecting with your religious or spiritual self.

It Facilitates Self-Awareness

As it can help you get in touch with your inner-self, this plant certainly has the ability to make you more self-aware. This way, you can reflect better on the reason for the season and how it connects with yourself, your life and your everyday practice. You can think about the things that make you who you are and its relation to your spiritual beliefs. Because of this awareness, you can make small and big changes that can surely improve your way of living and wellbeing.

You see, meditation is not only a spiritual process, but is also a part of our everyday life. You do meditations every time you practice yoga, breathing exercises and even just by taking a break in silence. By using cannabis to aid in your everyday practice, you can make the process much more efficient and effective, whilst reaping the advantages the plant has to offer.

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Arts & Culture

‘Divine Ambition Puff’d:’ Weed’s Contributions to Literature

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Literature Writers Who Used Weed

Cannabis, with its energy- and creativity-boosting properties has been helping countless artists throughout the years. Musicians, filmmakers and painters have been getting inspiration from this herb. You can say the same for writers. Wondering if you have read some of these authors? Read on to find out!

4 Litterateurs Who are Known to Have Consumed Cannabis

William Shakespeare

First on our list is William Shakespeare, the prolific English playwright and poet himself. He authored a whole bunch of comedies and tragedies including A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Hamlet and the all-famous Romeo and Juliet. If you are wondering where all of his creativity comes from, you will be glad to know that he got some inspiration from weed – and sheer, talent, of course!

A study published in the South African Journal of Science states that traces of cannabis are discovered in tobacco pipes found in Shakespeare’s’ backyard. No wonder he wrote the famous line from Hamlet, talking about a “spirit with divine ambition puff’d.” While this passage does not necessarily pertain to marijuana perse, it might as well be as the plant allowed his legacy to reach great heights that many writers can only aspire to achieve.

Victor Hugo

If you have watched the Broadway musical Les Misérables and the film adaptation of the same name, you probably know that this masterpiece was originally a novel by Victor Hugo. Dealing with various topics including socio-economic inequalities and injustices, this piece of literature is just one of the most notable works produced during this era.

You see, Hugo was a member of Club des Hachinchin, group dedicated to trying out all kinds of psychedelics and psychoactive, including marijuana. Included in this group as esteemed writers and thinkers such as Alexandre Dumas (of Three Musketeers fame) and poet Charles Baudelaire. They were known to consume hashish, which is made from the cannabis plant.

Maya Angelou

Famous poet and civil rights activist Maya Angelou is also known for her marijuana consumption. In one interview, she talked about the changes in her life when she first encountered ‘grifa.’ According to her, she ‘learned new postures and developed new dreams,’ once she had her taste of this wonder plant. In fact, it seemed to have made such an impact in her life as she said that for the first time in her life, life amused her.

According to Angelou, she used cannabis to get over her childhood traumas and abuses. However, she developed a system to help herself stay disciplined even when consuming the herb.

Stephen King

Horror writer Stephen King used to struggle with addiction and alcoholism. Incidentally, he wrote some of his most frightening works during this tumultuous time in his life. Reports say that his monumental work, Cujo, was written while high on marijuana (and some other substances). While it is not as surreal and supernatural as his other works such as Carrie, the horrific undertones of this masterpiece can really bite you to the bones. Get it?

Aside from drawing inspiration during his stoned state, he is also an advocate for medical marijuana. In an interview with the High Times, he says that he favors the decriminalization of the plant.

From the famous works of Stephen King to the everyday words we now use invented by Willian Shakespeare, it seems that language and literature have been benefiting from this wonderful plant. So, the next time you read a piece of literary art, you might want to look into the lives of their authors and find out if, at some point in their lives, they got inspiration from cannabis.

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